Hydrogen-Based Reduction Ironmaking Process and Conversion Technology

Status of the Development of Flash Ironmaking Technology

The Flash Ironmaking Technology being developed at the University of Utah is aimed at producing iron directly from iron oxide concentrate. In this technology, the concentrate is reduced by H2 and CO gas mixtures formed from the partial oxidation of natural gas in a flash reactor. Natural gas represents an economically and environmentally superior reductant/fuel for the flash ironmaking. The rat...

On Reduction-Based Process Semantics

A formulation of semantic theories for processes which is based on reduction relation and equational reasoning is studied. The new construction can induce meaningful theories for processes, both in strong and weak settings. The resulting theories in many cases coincide with, and sometimes generalise, observation-based formulation of behavioural equivalence. The basic construction of reduction-b...

Characterization of Properties and Reduction Behavior of Iron Ores for Application in Sponge Ironmaking

Patent-based technology forecasting: case of electric and hydrogen vehicle

The purpose of this paper is to study the evolution of emerging technological paths in the automotive industry. Worldwide patent data from the years 1990–2010 was collected and utilised to define the technological life cycles of the electric and fuel cell vehicle technologies. The novelty of our study is practicing the patent analysis approach using text mining techniques to collect patents acc...

Utilization of ironmaking and steelmaking slags

smelting of hammerable iron and its treatment in antiquity and Medieval produced also by-product: slag. Because of small yields of iron the process produced only small amounts of slag that did not attract attention of smelters concerning its possible use. the use of slag pieces was only accidental. a lot of slag pieces and blocks from slag pit shaft furnaces were used as a material for mound bu...